After leaving Liverpool he travelled three years in England and on the
continent. He returned to Concord in 1860. He died in the White
Mountains, May 18, 1864. Although a silent man and a seeker of
solitude during his life, few writers have ever experienced such wide
publicity of their inmost lives as has Hawthorne since his death. The
publication of his _Notes_ has opened his desk and work-shop to every
one, and has revealed to us a magnanimous, sympathetic, and pure man,
who realized his responsibilities as a writer and improved all his
literary opportunities.
BIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES
_History of American Literature_, Moses Coit Tyler.
_Introduction to American Literature_, Henry S. Pancoast.
_Studies in American Literature_, Charles Noble.
_Introduction to American Literature_, Brander Matthews.
"Gloom and Cheer in Hawthorne," _Critic_, 45: 28-36.
"Hawthorne and his Circle," _Nation_, 77: 410-411.
"Hawthorne as seen by his Publisher," _Critic_, 45: 51-55.
"Hawthorne from an English Point of View." _Critic_, 45: 60-66.
"Hawthorne's Last Years," _Critic_, 45: 67-71.
"Life of Hawthorne," _Atlantic Monthly_, 90: 563-567,
CRITICISMS
Many influences in Hawthorne's environment served to condition and
mold him as a writer. Salem had reached its highest prosperity in all
lines and was just beginning its retrogression in Hawthorne's time;
the primeval forests of Maine produced a subtle and lasting influence
on him during his sojourn in Maine for his health; transcendentalism
was the ruling thought at the time when Hawthorne was in his most
plastic and solitary age; his interest in _Brook Farm_ brought him in
contact with all the good and bad points of that social movement; his
life in the _Old Manse_ in Concord and in the Berkshire Hills
contributed largely to the deepening of his convictions and
sympathies; and over all, like a sombre cloud, hung his ancestral
Puritanic training which penetrated and suffused all his writings.
Pages:
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218